Category Archives: The Brain

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): A Scientific Review of Causes, Triggers, and Some Natural Solutions

Abstract Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal (GI) disorder affecting millions of people worldwide, characterised by chronic abdominal pain, bloating, constipations, extreme discomforts, and altered bowel habits. Despite being classified as a functional disorder, IBS significantly impacts the quality of life. This paper explores some of the causes of IBS, including medications, chemicals, […]

Psychogenic Pain: Nerve Involvement and Transmission Mechanism

Abstract Pain, whether physical or emotional, travels through the same neural pathways, activating similar regions in the brain. The nervous system does not differentiate between the two types of pain, which is why emotional pain, such as grief, trauma, or severe stress, can often manifest physically—and sometimes with even more devastating effects than physical injuries. […]

The Role of Nitrate and Nitrite in Regulating Atomic and Molecular Spin for Cellular Balance and the Management of Sickle Cell Disease

Abstract The regulation of atomic and molecular spin at the cellular level plays a fundamental role in maintaining biological harmony. In the context of sickle cell disease (SCD), abnormal haemoglobin polymerisation leads to the characteristic sickling of red blood cells, impairing oxygen delivery and causing systemic complications. This paper explores how nitrate (NO₃⁻) and nitrite […]

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