Abstract Retained placenta, a postnatal complication wherein the placenta is not expelled from the uterus within the expected time frame after childbirth, presents significant risks to maternal health. This condition, although relatively uncommon, requires prompt recognition and intervention to prevent serious outcomes such as postpartum haemorrhage, infection, and future fertility issues. The causes are multifactorial […]
Category Archives: Human Body
Abstract Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal (GI) disorder affecting millions of people worldwide, characterised by chronic abdominal pain, bloating, constipations, extreme discomforts, and altered bowel habits. Despite being classified as a functional disorder, IBS significantly impacts the quality of life. This paper explores some of the causes of IBS, including medications, chemicals, […]
Abstract Sleep Apnoea is a prevalent, yet underdiagnosed sleep disorder characterised by repeated episodes of breathing cessation or reduction during sleep. This paper provides a thorough exploration of its causes, including anatomical, neurological, environmental, and external factors, both well-known and emerging. It examine Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA), Central Sleep Apnoea (CSA), and Complex Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (CompSAS) while […]
Abstract: Hormonal contraceptives, marketed as safe and effective means of preventing pregnancy, are associated with numerous health risks that have been downplayed or dismissed as mere “side effects.” (It is worth noting that some of these so called “side effects” appear and act as though they are the desired and intended effects). These contraceptive methods, […]
Abstract Pain, whether physical or emotional, travels through the same neural pathways, activating similar regions in the brain. The nervous system does not differentiate between the two types of pain, which is why emotional pain, such as grief, trauma, or severe stress, can often manifest physically—and sometimes with even more devastating effects than physical injuries. […]
Abstract Pain is a complex physiological and neurological experience that serves as a vital protective mechanism. This paper explores the various types of pain, their origins, and the intricate role of nerve fibres—A-alpha, A-beta, A-delta, and C-fibres—in transmitting pain signals. This paper examines the physiological basis of pain, the role of different nerve fibres in […]
Abstract Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) is a life-threatening condition primarily associated with the use of high-absorbency tampons and synthetic menstrual products. The presence of synthetic fibres, dioxins, and chemical additives in these products has been linked to hormonal disruption and an increased risk of bacterial overgrowth, leading to severe complications such as amputations, and even […]
Abstract Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a severe hereditary blood disorder that affects millions worldwide, primarily individuals of African, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and Indian descent. The disease is characterised by the presence of abnormal haemoglobin S, leading to sickling of red blood cells (RBCs), vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs), and organ damage. Historically, treatment options have been […]
Introduction Gastroparesis, or delayed gastric emptying, is a condition in which the stomach muscles fail to function properly, resulting in slowed or halted food movement into the small intestine. Although commonly associated with diabetes and neurological disorders, gastroparesis is increasingly linked to a breakdown in brain-body communication, particularly involving the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The […]
Abstract Menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) is a widespread condition often dismissed as part of normal menstruation. However, understanding its root causes—from hormonal imbalances and energy spin disruptions at the atomic level to the impact of chemicals in food, cosmetics, and the environment—can provide pathways to effective treatment. This report explores the physiological, biochemical, and energetic contributors […]
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