The Dangers of Contraceptives: Impact on Women’s Health, Fertility, and the Spread of Misleading Information

Posted on by Divine Glory

Abstract:

Hormonal contraceptives, marketed as safe and effective means of preventing pregnancy, are associated with numerous health risks that have been downplayed or dismissed as mere “side effects.” (It is worth noting that some of these so called “side effects” appear and act as though they are the desired and intended effects). These contraceptive methods, including the combined pill, progestogen-only pill, hormonal intrauterine systems (IUS), implants, patches, and injectable contraceptives, often cause serious, life-threatening conditions such as infertility, blood clots, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, autoimmune diseases, and neurological disorders (the main reason why it’s suggested above that perhaps they are the desired and intended effects).

Despite the widespread use of hormonal contraceptives, there is a notable lack of comprehensive disclosure, and misinformation regarding these risks, leaving women vulnerable to health complications that can persist for years after discontinuation; especially for those who rely solely on others to tell them what to do about their own health. This paper aims to explore the mechanisms through which hormonal contraceptives affect women’s health, present statistical data on adverse effects, and call for increased self-awareness and informed decision-making regarding reproductive health choices. By shedding light on the dangers of these methods, this paper aims to encourage and promote greater education, transparency, and the promotion of safer, non-hormonal alternatives.

Key Terms and Definitions

1. Contraceptive

A contraceptive is any method, device, or artificial chemical used to prevent pregnancy. Contraceptives work by interfering with the normal reproductive processes such as ovulation, fertilisation, or implantation of a fertilised egg. The majority of modern contraceptive methods are hormonal in nature, manipulating the body’s natural hormonal processes to prevent conception. Some women only receive the side effects.

Side Effects: An effect of a drug or other type of treatment that is in addition to or beyond its desired effect. Side effects can be harmful or beneficial, and most go away on their own over time. Others may last past treatment or appear long after treatment has ended.

Positive Effects: A “positive effect” refers to a beneficial or desirable outcome or consequence, meaning something that has a helpful or uplifting impact. 

Miscommunication:Miscommunication in the context of contraceptive side effects refers to the deliberate or unintentional distortion, omission, or minimisation of the true effects these medications and devices have on women’s bodies. It can occur in multiple ways, including:

  1. Reframing Effects as “Side Effects” – The negative consequences of contraceptives (such as blood clots, infertility, and cancer risks) are often labelled as side effects rather than direct effects, downplaying their severity and making them seem incidental rather than inherent to the drug’s function.
  2. Incomplete Disclosure – Pharmaceutical companies, healthcare providers, and public health institutions may fail to fully inform women about the full range of risks, either by omitting data, using vague language, or downplaying severe outcomes as “rare” without context.
  3. Lack of Informed Consent – Many women are prescribed contraceptives without a thorough explanation of the long-term health consequences, alternative methods, or the possibility of irreversible damage, such as infertility, cancer, hormonal imbalances, mental breakdowns, etc.
  4. Selective Presentation of Data – Studies highlighting benefits (such as reduced ovarian cancer risk) are emphasised, while data on severe consequences (such as cardiovascular risks and mental health effects) are deliberately underreported or dismissed.
  5. Marketing Strategies – Contraceptives are often marketed as empowering tools for women’s freedom, but the associated health risks are not given equal visibility, creating a skewed perception that prioritises convenience over safety.
  6. Medical Bias & Gaslighting – Women who experience severe adverse effects are often dismissed by medical professionals, with their symptoms being attributed to unrelated conditions, rather than acknowledged as direct consequences of hormonal contraceptive use. And women often do not challenge these practices further.

2. Hormonal Contraceptive

A hormonal contraceptive is a type of birth control that uses synthetic hormones to alter the body’s natural reproductive cycle. These hormones typically include synthetic oestrogen, progestogen (or progesterone), or a combination of both. Hormonal contraceptives include birth control pills, patches, injections, intrauterine devices (IUDs), and implants. These methods work by suppressing ovulation, thickening cervical mucus, or altering the lining of the uterus to prevent pregnancy.

3. Progesterone:

Progesterone is a crucial female sex hormone primarily responsible for preparing and maintaining the uterus for pregnancy. It plays a vital role in the menstrual cycle, embryo implantation, and sustaining early pregnancy. In a natural cycle, progesterone is produced mainly by the corpus luteum after ovulation. It helps thicken the uterine lining (endometrium) to support a fertilised egg and prevents premature uterine contractions that could lead to pregnancy loss. If pregnancy does not occur, progesterone levels drop, triggering menstruation.

Types of Synthetic Progesterone (Progestins)

There are several types of synthetic progesterone, and the most commonly used are:

  1. Progestogen: Progestogen is a synthetic/artificial version of the hormone progesterone, which naturally occurs in the body, especially during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. Progestogen plays a key role in preparing the uterus for pregnancy. In hormonal contraceptives, synthetic progestogen prevents ovulation (release of an egg), thickens cervical mucus to prevent sperm from entering the uterus, and thins the uterine lining to inhibit implantation of a fertilised egg.
  2. Norethindrone: Norethindrone is a synthetic progestin derived from testosterone, a male hormone. The structure of norethindrone is chemically altered to resemble progesterone but with some slight modifications to enhance its stability and effectiveness.
  3. Levonorgestrel: Levonorgestrel is another synthetic progestin that is chemically derived from testosterone. Like norethindrone, it has been modified to have stronger pregestational effects and is resistant to breakdown by the liver. It is synthetically produced and does not come from natural progesterone or plant-based sources.
  4. Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (MPA): Medroxyprogesterone acetate is a synthetic progestin that is derived from progesterone itself but chemically altered to make it more stable and effective when taken orally or injected. It has been modified to have a longer half-life, meaning it stays in the body longer and does not require frequent dosing.

4. Oestrogen

Oestrogen is one of the primary female sex hormones, responsible for regulating the reproductive system, including the menstrual cycle and fertility. In contraceptive pills, synthetic oestrogen works in combination with progestogen to prevent ovulation, make cervical mucus hostile to sperm, and thin the lining of the uterus to reduce the likelihood of pregnancy.

Types of Synthetic Oestrogen:

There are several types of synthetic oestrogens, and the most commonly used are:

  1. Ethinylestradiol: This is the most widely used synthetic oestrogen in oral contraceptives (birth control pills). It is more potent than natural oestrogen and is designed to remain effective in the body for longer periods. This is synthesised by modifying the structure of oestradiol, which is the primary natural oestrogen in the body. Oestradiol is chemically altered by adding an ethynyl group (a small carbon chain with a triple bond) at the 17th position of the steroid ring.
  2. Conjugated Oestrogens: These are a mixture of oestrogens derived from the urine of pregnant mares (used in hormone replacement therapy) or synthetically formulated. They are used to treat menopausal symptoms like hot flashes and vaginal dryness. They typically consist of a mixture of oestrogen compounds, most notably estrone and equilin. They are derived from the urine of pregnant mares (hence the term “Premarin,” a common brand name). However, they can also be synthesised from plant sources, such as soy or yams, by chemically converting plant sterols into oestrogen-like compounds.
  3. Diethylstilbestrol (DES): An older synthetic oestrogen that was widely used from the 1940s to the 1970s for various purposes, such as preventing miscarriages and promoting fertility. However, it was later linked to serious health risks, particularly in daughters of women who took it, such as increased risk of certain cancers and fertility issues. It was developed by chemically altering stilbene, a compound found in coal tar (go figure).

5. Intrauterine Device (IUD)

An IUD is a small, T-shaped plastic or copper device that a doctor or nurse inserts into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. Both the plastic and copper IUDs are hormonal (releasing progestogen). The hormonal IUD works similarly to hormonal contraceptives by thickening cervical mucus and thinning the uterine lining, while the copper IUD releases copper ions that are toxic to sperm, preventing fertilisation.

6. Intrauterine System (IUS)

The IUS, commonly referred to as the hormonal coil, is a type of IUD that releases the synthetic hormone progestogen. The IUS works by releasing small amounts of progestogen (fake progesterone) into the uterus, preventing the sperm from reaching the egg by thickening the cervical mucus, as well as thinning the uterine lining.

7. Contraceptive Implant

A contraceptive implant is a small rod-like device inserted under the skin of the upper arm, releasing progestogen (fake progesterone) continuously over a period of time (usually 3-5 years). The hormone works by inhibiting ovulation, thickening cervical mucus, and thinning the uterine lining, thus preventing pregnancy.

8. Contraceptive Injection

The contraceptive injection involves an injection of the synthetic hormone progestogen, usually given every three months. This method works by preventing ovulation and thickening the cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg. It also alters the uterine lining, making it less receptive to a fertilised egg.

9. Contraceptive Patch

The contraceptive patch is a small, sticky patch worn on the skin, typically for a week at a time. It releases a combination of synthetic oestrogen and progestogen into the bloodstream to prevent ovulation, alter cervical mucus, and prevent the implantation of a fertilised egg. The patch is worn on the skin of the abdomen, buttocks, or upper body.

10. Vaginal Ring

The vaginal ring is a small, flexible ring inserted into the vagina. It releases a combination of progestogen (synthetic progesterone) and a synthetic oestrogen, which works by preventing ovulation, thickening cervical mucus, and altering the uterine lining. The ring is worn inside the vagina for three weeks, after which it is removed for a one-week break.

11. Ovulation: Ovulation is the process in the menstrual cycle when a mature egg (or ovum) is released from the ovary. It typically occurs around the middle of the menstrual cycle, triggered by hormonal changes. Once released, the egg travels down the fallopian tube, where it may be fertilised by sperm. If fertilisation does not occur, the egg disintegrates, and the body prepares for menstruation.

12. Anovulation: Anovulation is the absence of ovulation during a menstrual cycle. In this case, the ovaries do not release a mature egg, which means there is no opportunity for fertilisation. Anovulation can occur due to various reasons, including hormonal imbalances, stress, illness, or certain medical conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This condition can affect fertility because it prevents the release of eggs necessary for conception.

13. Blood Clots (Thrombosis)

Blood clots are masses of coagulated blood that can form inside blood vessels, potentially leading to blockages in veins or arteries. In the context of contraceptives, blood clots are a significant risk, especially with hormonal methods that contain oestrogen. Oestrogen increases the clotting factors in the blood, which can lead to the formation of dangerous clots, particularly in the legs (deep vein thrombosis), lungs (pulmonary embolism), or brain (stroke).

14. Continuous Bleeding (Menstrual Irregularities)

Continuous bleeding refers to irregular or prolonged bleeding outside of the normal menstrual cycle. Hormonal contraceptives, especially those with high doses of progestogen (synthetic progesterone), can cause breakthrough bleeding (spotting), prolonged periods, or absence of periods. While some women may experience lighter and shorter periods, others may face unpredictable or excessive bleeding, which can lead to anaemia and further complications.

15. Heart Palpitations

Heart palpitations are abnormal, often rapid or irregular heartbeats that may feel like a fluttering or pounding in the chest. Hormonal contraceptives, particularly those with oestrogen, can increase the risk of heart palpitations, especially in women with pre-existing cardiovascular issues, hypertension, or those who smoke. Palpitations can be associated with anxiety, and prolonged use of hormonal contraceptives may exacerbate heart-related conditions.

16. Depression and Anxiety Disorders

Depression and anxiety disorders refer to psychological conditions that involve persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and excessive worry. Hormonal contraceptives have been linked to mood changes, depression, and anxiety, particularly those containing synthetic oestrogen. These hormonal changes can affect neurotransmitter regulation in the brain, leading to emotional instability, irritability, and, in some cases, severe mental health issues. The psychological effects are often underreported and underdiagnosed, contributing to the neglect of these side effects in clinical settings.

17. Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimmune diseases occur when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy tissues. Some hormonal contraceptives have been shown to increase the risk of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (an autoimmune thyroid disorder), and lupus. The exact mechanism is not fully understood, but hormonal changes, particularly progestogen, may trigger or exacerbate autoimmune responses.

18. Copper Toxicity

Copper toxicity refers to the accumulation of excess copper in the body, which can lead to poisoning and serious health issues. The copper IUD releases copper ions into the uterus to create an environment that is hostile to sperm. In some women, the copper can be absorbed into the bloodstream, causing copper toxicity. Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, headache, fatigue, and even neurological symptoms like memory loss or mood changes. In rare cases, this toxicity can be life-threatening, leading to death.

19. Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus, causing pain and potentially affecting fertility. Hormonal contraceptives, particularly those containing oestrogen, have been linked to the development and worsening of endometriosis. This condition can result in severe pain, infertility, and complications during pregnancy. Hormonal contraceptives can sometimes exacerbate the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, leading to more severe symptoms.

20. Central Sensitisation

Central sensitisation refers to the process by which the central nervous system becomes hyper-responsive to stimuli, often causing heightened pain perception. Hormonal contraceptives, especially those that alter the hormonal balance of the body, can lead to central sensitisation, making individuals more sensitive to pain and more prone to chronic pain conditions such as fibromyalgia or chronic pelvic pain.

Cervical Mucus: is a fluid produced by the cervix that changes throughout the menstrual cycle and can help predict ovulation. Before ovulation, it may appear white, yellow, or cloudy and feel sticky or stretchy. Just before ovulation, it becomes clear, stretchy, and slippery, resembling egg whites. During ovulation, it has an egg white-like texture that aids sperm movement. After ovulation, it becomes thick, cloudy, or gluey, and some may experience “dry days.” Cervical mucus helps filter, prepare, and release sperm, making it easier for sperm to reach an egg during ovulation. Tracking cervical mucus daily can help identify fertility windows. Unhealthy mucus, such as dark yellow, brown, green, or grey discharge, may signal an infection or other issue.

21. Hormonal Imbalance: Hormonal imbalance, in the context of contraceptive use and cardiovascular risk, refers to the disruption of the body’s natural endocrine system due to the introduction of synthetic oestrogen and progestin. This imbalance can lead to increased blood coagulation, heightened vascular inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, all of which contribute to an elevated risk of myocardial infarction (heart attack).

Introduction:

Hormonal contraceptives have been a cornerstone of modern family planning, packaged, marketed, and sold as that which allow women to control their reproductive health with convenience and effectiveness. However, these methods, which include pills, implants, patches, intrauterine systems (IUS), and injectable contraceptives, are not without serious risks, so serious that many women have lost their lives to them, and some having to deal serious physical and mental health conditions which are deemed as “side effects.” The notion that hormonal contraceptives are completely safe and without consequence has been promoted widely at the expense of women’s health. In fact, these medications and devices are associated with a wide range of severe health conditions, including but not limited to, infertility, blood clots, cardiovascular issues, cancer, hair loss, and autoimmune diseases.

Healthcare professionals alongside the marketing of these contraceptives typically downplays their risks, often labelling them as mere ‘side effects’ or categorising them as ‘common’ and ‘uncommon’ reactions. However, these so-called side effects are often the primary consequences of using these methods. In gaining popularity, marketing campaigns have strategically framed contraceptives as a means of granting women freedom and control over their bodies, contributing significantly to their widespread adoption worldwide. In reality, however, these contraceptives not only work against nature by suppressing and blocking fertility but also expose women to a range of serious health complications.

This paper seeks to uncover the hidden dangers of hormonal contraceptives, examine their effects on women’s health and fertility, and advocate for full transparency from manufacturers and healthcare practitioners. By raising awareness and promoting informed decision-making, this analysis aims to empower women with the knowledge necessary to make more conscious choices about their reproductive health.

Main Body:

1. Mechanisms of Hormonal Contraceptives

Hormonal contraceptives exert their effects primarily by disrupting the body’s natural hormonal cycles. Understanding how these methods work is essential to understanding the risks they pose. Below is an examination of the mechanisms through which various hormonal contraceptives affect women’s bodies.

1.1. How Hormonal Contraceptives Work:

Hormonal birth control primarily targets the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis, a feedback loop that regulates the female reproductive system. By introducing synthetic hormones (either progestogen, oestrogen, or both), contraceptives alter this natural hormonal feedback mechanism. The most common methods prevent pregnancy by stopping ovulation, the process in which a mature egg (an ovum) is released from the ovary.

• Combined Pill (Synthetic Oestrogen + Synthetic Progestogen): This combined pill suppresses the release of the natural hormones that trigger ovulation. In addition, it thickens cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg and alters the uterine lining to make implantation less likely. This affects the hypothalamus and pituitary glands by inhibiting the release of luteinising hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which are essential for ovulation. It also targets cervical epithelial cells and the endometrial cells in the uterus, causing thickening of cervical mucus and alterations in the uterine lining.

• Progestogen-Only Pill (Mini Pill): Similar to the combined pill, the mini pill prevents ovulation but also thickens cervical mucus and alters the uterine lining. It contains only progestogen (a synthetic version of progesterone). It mainly impacts tow brain organs, the hypothalamus and pituitary to prevent ovulation and affects the cervical epithelial cells and the endometrial cells of the uterus.

• IUD/IUS (Intrauterine Device/Intrauterine System): The copper IUD prevents sperm from fertilising an egg, while the hormonal IUS releases progestogen (an artificial progesterone), which thickens cervical mucus and inhibits sperm motility. It also thins the uterine lining. The copper IUD targets the uterus directly by creating an inflammatory response that is toxic to sperm. The hormonal IUS affects cervical mucus and uterine lining, impacting the epithelial cells in both regions.

• Implants and Injections: These methods slowly release progestogen (an artificial progesterone) into the bloodstream, preventing ovulation and thickening cervical mucus, thereby reducing the likelihood of pregnancy. The progestogen affects the hypothalamus and pituitary glands, while also influencing cervical epithelial cells and endometrial cells.

While these methods are effective in preventing pregnancy, they all involve the alteration of the body’s natural hormonal state, which has numerous potential health implications.

2. Health Risks and Dangers of Hormonal Contraceptives

The widespread use of hormonal contraceptives is associated with numerous adverse effects. The following sections will explore the key health risks that these methods pose to women.

2.1 Cardiovascular Risks:

Hormonal contraceptives, particularly those containing synthetic oestrogen, significantly increase the risk of developing blood clots. Oestrogen is known to affect blood coagulation, making it more likely for blood to clot, which can result in deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), or even stroke.

• Thrombosis: A study published in the British Medical Journal found that women who use combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are at a higher risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) compared to women who do not use hormonal birth control. This risk is further increased in women who smoke or have underlying cardiovascular conditions.

• Hypertension: Women using hormonal contraceptives may experience an increase in blood pressure, which can exacerbate existing cardiovascular conditions. This is especially concerning for women with a history of hypertension or those at risk of developing high blood pressure. Oestrogen has been shown to affect sodium retention and increase vascular resistance, leading to raised blood pressure.

2.2 Cancer Risks:

Hormonal contraceptives increase the risk of breast and cervical cancers.

• Breast Cancer: A large-scale study by the National Cancer Institute revealed that women using hormonal birth control are at a higher risk of developing breast cancer. The risk is highest among women who have used hormonal contraceptives for extended periods or who started using them at a young age. Synthetic oestrogen and synthetic progesterone (progestogen) may alter cellular growth and division in the breast tissue, which can increase the likelihood of malignant cell formation.

• Cervical Cancer: The World Health Organisation (WHO) has classified hormonal contraceptives as a possible carcinogen for cervical cancer. Long-term use of hormonal contraceptives can increase the likelihood of developing abnormal cervical cells, which can lead to cervical cancer. Progestogen, particularly, affects the cervical epithelium, potentially altering the immune response in the cervix and leading to abnormal cell growth.

• Liver Cancer: Although rare, some women using hormonal contraceptives have developed benign liver tumours, which can lead to significant complications. Oestrogen has been shown to stimulate liver cell proliferation, which, in some cases, could result in tumour growth.

2.3 Reproductive Health Risks:

• Infertility: Hormonal contraceptives can have long-lasting effects on fertility. Studies indicate that women who use hormonal birth control for extended periods may experience delayed return to fertility after stopping the methods. Some women may even face permanent infertility, particularly after using injectable contraceptives like Depo-Provera. Progestogen (the synthetic version of progesterone) can affect the ovarian follicles, disrupting the body’s natural ability to restart ovulation once contraceptive use ends.

• Ectopic Pregnancy: Hormonal contraceptives, especially intrauterine devices (IUDs), can increase the risk of ectopic pregnancies. These occur when a fertilised egg implants outside the uterus, often in the fallopian tube, and can be life-threatening if not treated immediately. The changes induced by hormonal methods affect the fallopian tubes and the movement of eggs, increasing the likelihood of abnormal implantation.

2.4 Autoimmune and Neurological Risks:

• Autoimmune Diseases: Research has linked hormonal contraceptive use with the development of autoimmune diseases, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. Progestogen (the synthetic version of progesterone), in particular, has been shown to trigger an immune response that can lead to inflammation and tissue damage. The effects are primarily on immune system cells, which may become overactive or target the body’s own tissues.

• Mental Health Issues: Many women report experiencing mood swings, depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation while using hormonal contraceptives. These effects are often underreported or dismissed, but they are serious and should not be ignored. A study published in JAMA Psychiatry (The Journal of the American Medical Association) found a significant increase in the risk of depression among adolescents using hormonal birth control. Oestrogen and progestogen (both synthetic) affect the hypothalamus and the limbic system, areas of the brain responsible for mood regulation.

• Continuous Bleeding: Hormonal contraceptives, especially IUDs and injectable contraceptives, can cause abnormal bleeding patterns, including continuous or heavy bleeding. This side effect can lead to anaemia, fatigue, and long-term hormonal disruptions. Women may also experience breakthrough bleeding, making it difficult for them to rely on these methods for family planning. The uterine lining is affected by the changes in oestrogen and progestogen levels, resulting in irregular shedding of the endometrial cells.

2.5 Cardiovascular and Circulatory Effects:

• Heart Palpitations and Chest Pain: Another serious risk is the increased likelihood of heart palpitations and chest pain, which may indicate underlying cardiovascular problems. These conditions can be exacerbated by the synthetic hormones in oral contraceptives and injections, which are known to influence blood pressure, clotting mechanisms, and the cardiovascular system in general.

• Blood Clotting & Strokes: As mentioned earlier, the increased risk of thrombosis is a critical issue, with hormonal contraceptives causing both venous and arterial blood clots, leading to deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and strokes. These are life-threatening conditions, and the risk is significantly higher in women who are smokers, have a family history of blood clotting disorders, or who are older. Oestrogen affects clotting factors in the blood and increases fibrinogen production, contributing to clot formation.

• Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction)

Hormonal contraceptives containing artificial oestrogen and progestin (synthetic progesterone), can increase the risk of heart attack or myocardial infarction (MI) through several interconnected mechanisms. As stated several times now in this paper, oestrogen promotes blood clot formation by increasing clotting factors and reducing natural anticoagulants, which raises the likelihood of arterial thrombosis. Additionally, hormonal contraceptives can activate platelets and impair endothelial function, leading to vascular inflammation, oxidative stress, and atherosclerosis progression. These effects can narrow the coronary arteries and restrict blood flow to the heart, increasing the risk of a heart attack.

Furthermore, hormonal contraceptives can contribute to hypertension and adverse metabolic changes, such as elevated Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) the “bad” cholesterol, and decreased High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) the “good” cholesterol, further predisposing users to cardiovascular disease. Women who smoke, have high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, or a family history of heart disease are at particularly high risk. The highest MI risk is seen in high-oestrogen formulations and within the first year of use. Given these risks, careful assessment of individual cardiovascular health is essential alongside full disclosure of all risks associated before prescribing hormonal contraception.

2.6 Other Systemic Effects:

• Weight Gain and Metabolic Issues: Hormonal contraceptives can lead to metabolic changes, including weight gain, insulin resistance, and increased appetite. Some women may experience difficulty losing weight, even with regular exercise and a healthy diet. Progestogen (A synthetic progesterone) influences adipose tissue and alters insulin sensitivity, leading to changes in body composition and metabolic rate.

• Bone Density Loss: Injectable contraceptives like Depo-Provera are known to cause bone density loss, increasing the risk of fractures, particularly in younger women. The same synthetic progesterone, which is progestogen can interfere with calcium absorption and bone mineralisation, leading to decreased bone density over time.

3. Statistical Data on the Effects of Hormonal Contraceptives

The prevalence of side effects and complications associated with hormonal contraceptives is alarming. The following statistics highlight the impact of these methods on women’s health.

• Global Usage: According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), approximately 152 million women worldwide use hormonal contraceptives, with the majority using combined oral contraceptives (COCs), IUDs, and implants.

• Adverse Effects: A study published by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) showed that approximately 30% of women using hormonal contraceptives experience adverse effects, including blood clots, depression, and cardiovascular issues.

• Infertility: The American Society for Reproductive Medicine reported that approximately 12% of women who have used hormonal contraceptives for more than five years, experience difficulties in conceiving after discontinuation.

Europe

  • Cardiovascular Risks: A Danish study involving over two million women aged 15 to 49 found that combined oestrogen-progestin pills doubled the risk of ischemic stroke and heart attack. Specifically, this translates to one additional stroke per 4,760 women annually and one extra heart attack per 10,000 women per year. Non-pill oestrogen-progestin contraceptives, such as vaginal rings and skin patches, were associated with even higher risks.
  • Breast Cancer: An analysis by Oxford Population Health’s Cancer Epidemiology Unit indicated that current or recent use of all types of progestogen-only contraceptives is associated with a 20-30% higher risk of breast cancer. The absolute excess risk over a 15-year period for women who used oral contraceptives for five years ranged from 8 per 100,000 (for use from age 16 to 20) to 265 per 100,000 (for use from age 35 to 39).

Middle East

Prevalence of Side Effects: A cross-sectional study conducted in the UAE, Egypt, Jordan, Syria, and Iraq reported that 81.2% of reproductive-age women used contraceptives. Among these users, 41.9% experienced side effects, with the most common being irregular menstrual bleeding (87.9%), headaches (88.2%), and mood changes (93.5%). In Saudi Arabia, 32.3% of participants experienced hair loss, 35.4% experienced nervousness, and 16.6% experienced weight gain. Notably, participants from Egypt and Iraq had higher odds of developing contraceptive-related side effects.

Australia

  • Brain Tumours: A study published in the British Medical Journal found that women who used contraceptive injections like Depo-Provera for over a year had a five-to-six-fold increased risk of developing intracranial meningioma, a type of brain tumour. This finding has led to legal actions in Australia, with law firms recruiting for class-action lawsuits against the manufacturer.

Americas,

There are thousands of cases of women in the USA, Canada, and South Americas who have experienced and are still experiencing prolong bleeding, blot clotting, infertility, cancer, stroke, heart attacks, hair loss, copper toxicity, depression, anxiety, suicidal tendencies, weight gain, and other related health conditions as a result of the use of contraceptives for either short-, medium-, and long-term. A study referenced by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (ACOG) found that women who were current or recent users of hormonal contraceptives had a 20% increased relative risk of developing breast cancer compared to non-users. The study also indicated that the risk increased with longer durations of use. Additionally, the elevated risk persisted for some time even after discontinuing the contraceptive, meaning former users remained at a slightly higher risk of developing breast cancer compared to those who had never used hormonal contraceptives.

A study published in JAMA Psychiatry (The Journal of the American Medical Association) found a significant increase in the risk of depression among adolescents using hormonal birth control. Oestrogen and progestogen (both synthetic) affect the hypothalamus and the limbic system, areas of the brain responsible for mood regulation.

 It is worth noting that, despite the significant number of women in the U.S. experiencing serious adverse effects from contraceptives, there is a concerted effort to downplay, dismiss, and obscure this evidence while simultaneously pushing widespread promotion and continued use of these contraceptive methods.

In South America, a study published in Jornal de Paediatric investigated the link between hormonal contraceptive use and metabolic and cardiovascular risks among adolescent girls in Brazil, using data from the ELSA-Brazil cohort. The study found that 40.4% of the participants using hormonal contraceptives had hypertension, compared to only 27.5% of non-users. Additionally, hypertriglyceridemia was observed in 21.4% of contraceptive users versus 10.8% of non-users. The results indicate that hormonal contraceptive use significantly increases the risk of hypertension and abnormal lipid profiles in adolescents, raising concerns about early cardiovascular disease development. Furthermore, the study highlighted that hormonal contraceptive users exhibited higher rates of obesity and insulin resistance, which are key contributors to metabolic syndrome.

Asia & Africa

Several studies and individual reports from Asia and Africa have confirmed that women are experiencing, and continue to experience, prolonged bleeding, blood clotting, infertility, cancer, strokes, heart attacks, hair loss, copper toxicity, depression, anxiety, suicidal tendencies, weight gain, and other related health issues as a result of using contraceptives, whether in the short, medium, or long term. Research in both Africa and Asia indicates that the synthetic oestrogen and progestogen components in contraceptives are believed to be primary contributors to the increased risks of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), cancer, and other serious health conditions in women who use or have used contraceptives.

This suggests that the issue is not related to age or location, but rather the chemicals in these contraceptives, which appear to be causing serious health problems for women seeking to manage their fertility through pharmaceutical prescriptions.

Articles:

Advocating for Full Disclosure and Informed Decision-Making

The responsibility of pharmaceutical companies and healthcare professionals extends beyond merely providing hormonal contraceptives it demands full transparency regarding all known risks, side effects, and potential long-term consequences. For too long, the public has placed trust in medical authorities and pharmaceutical corporations, assuming that the information provided is complete and unbiased. However, the reality is that many women are prescribed hormonal contraceptives without being fully informed of the profound physiological and psychological impacts these drugs can have. The risks including increased susceptibility to blood clots, cardiovascular disease, hormonal imbalances, depression, autoimmune conditions, and even certain cancers are often downplayed or presented as minor “side effects.” Yet, these so-called side effects can have life-altering consequences, and women deserve to know the full truth before making a decision about their reproductive health.

Healthcare practitioners must adopt a more patient-centred approach by conducting thorough diagnostic evaluations before prescribing contraceptives. A one-size-fits-all model is not only negligent but dangerous. Every woman’s body responds differently to synthetic hormones, and individual health factors such as genetic predispositions, pre-existing hormonal imbalances, metabolic conditions, and mental health history should be carefully considered. Instead of dismissing or trivialising concerns raised by women, healthcare professionals must engage in honest discussions, addressing potential risks without bias or commercial influence. No woman should feel coerced into taking contraceptives without fully understanding their effects, nor should they be made to feel as if their legitimate health concerns are imagined or exaggerated, and yet being told that they’re being empowered by contraceptives when in truth they are being exposed to serious health problems.

At the core of true empowerment lies self-education. Women must take an active role in researching and understanding the medications they put into their bodies rather than relying solely on the information provided by healthcare professionals and pharmaceutical sales representatives. By cultivating a deeper awareness of how hormonal contraceptives work, their risks, and potential alternatives, women can reclaim their autonomy over their reproductive health. Independent research, reading medical studies, and seeking alternative perspectives from holistic and functional medicine can provide a broader understanding of the long-term consequences of hormonal interventions.

Informed decision-making is the foundation of true bodily autonomy. Women should not have to depend on an industry that often prioritises profit over people’s well-being. Instead, women must be equipped with the knowledge necessary to make choices that align with their personal health goals. By demanding full disclosure from pharmaceutical companies and medical practitioners while simultaneously taking charge of their own education, women can break free from the cycle of misinformation and reclaim control over their health with confidence and clarity.

Conclusion:

Hormonal contraceptives have been widely promoted as a safe and reliable method of pregnancy prevention, yet the reality is far more complex and concerning. Beyond merely preventing conception, these methods profoundly alter the body’s natural hormonal balance, often leading to severe and life-threatening health consequences. What is frequently dismissed as “side effects” infertility, blood clots, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disorders, cancer, and mental health disturbances are, in many cases, the direct and primary outcomes of sustained hormonal interference.

The lack of full transparency from pharmaceutical companies and healthcare practitioners has left many women uninformed about the true risks associated with hormonal contraceptives. Misinformation, selective disclosure, and marketing tactics that frame these drugs as symbols of empowerment have contributed to their widespread adoption, often without proper individualised health assessments. Instead of being given all the facts, women are frequently gaslit, dismissed, or pressured into taking hormonal contraceptives without thorough discussions of alternative options or potential long-term effects.

True empowerment lies not in blind acceptance of what is marketed as “safe” but in education, self-awareness, and the ability to make fully informed choices. Women must take control of their own health by actively engaging in self-education, questioning medical authorities, and thoroughly researching the effects of these drugs rather than relying solely on the information provided by healthcare professionals and pharmaceutical companies. The ability to make informed health decisions should not be dependent on the limited and often biased perspectives of those with financial or institutional interests. Knowledge is the true power that allows women to weigh their options, demand full disclosure, and seek alternatives that support, rather than disrupt, their natural biological functions.

The need for full disclosure and ethical responsibility from pharmaceutical companies and medical professionals cannot be overstated. Every woman has the right to comprehensive, unbiased information about the substances she puts into her body, and it is the duty of those in the medical field to provide this knowledge without agenda or manipulation. By combining medical transparency with self-education and critical thinking, women can reclaim autonomy over their reproductive health and make choices that truly serve their well-being.

I Am Ionlight
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